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Does Pyruvate Help In Weight Loss?

By Darrell Miller

There is currently a debate as to whether or not pyruvate can help in weight loss. There are two distinct camps, although the body of evidence favors those that believe that they can lose weight by taking a pyruvate supplement.

However, pyruvate is not an essential substance, which means that it is produced in the body from other substances. It is, in fact, the product of glycolysis, in which glucose is metabolized in the presence of oxygen to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule of energy, and two molecules of pyruvate.

The two pyruvate molecules then generate further energy by one of two pathways. In the first, the pyruvate forms acetyl-coenzyme A which is the first part of the Krebs Cycle, also known as the Citric Acid Cycle, which is responsible for energy production in the mitochondria. In the second, the pyruvate forms oxaloacetate, which is either used to form intermediates used in the Krebs Cycle or to generate more glucose through the process of gluconeogenesis.

The ATP formed in the mitochondria is a form of stored energy, just like a battery. When energy is released it is converted to adenosine diphosphate and the battery is discharged. The Krebs Cycle then adds another phosphate group to convert it to the triphosphate again, and so on. The energy is not carried round the body, but used in the cells in which it is generated. Every cell in the body contains a mitochondrion, and generates its own energy. Pyruvate is needed in every one of them.

The upshot of all this is that pyruvate is created naturally by the body, and therefore needs no supplementation. However, if there is a need to stimulate or increase the breakdown rate of blood sugars to prevent their later metabolism to fat, and hence help to prevent weight increase, then supplementation could be effective. In fact, it can be argued that the more pyruvate available then the more is the potential for energy to be generated, although it is glucose that is the main player in that scene.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0dqnq-Cp7c[/youtube]

In the absence of supplementation, of course, pyruvate is available naturally in cheese, red wine, dark beer and apples, and is also produced from pyruvic acid. The acid itself can cause some gastrointestinal problems, but when it sees a calcium or sodium salt, such as common salt, it forms the stable pyruvate. But the real question is, if pyruvate can be used to reduce weight, then by what mechanism? Without a projected mechanism then the practical results cannot be explained, which renders pyruvate just a player but not necessarily the major player.

The answer to this question is slightly open in that while many believe that pyruvate can be used to reduce weight and body fat, just as many do not, believing that there is insufficient evidence to reach that conclusion. However, if we examine the potential mechanism and determine the probability of that occurring, then we should be able to answer that question.

Athletes claim that pyruvate supplements help them to perform better through its effect on the Krebs Cycle that is responsible for the generation of energy in the body. It speeds up the transport of proteins and glucose into the mitochondria of the muscles, and so enables energy to be generated rapidly within the muscle cells when required.

This is a reasonable hypothesis, and one that is perfectly feasible given our knowledge of how the Krebs Cycle works. Pyruvate is an essential component of the Cycle, and in the presence of an excess of the other components, then additional pyruvate might well speed it up, and so generate energy faster and perhaps even increase the rate of thermogenesis and the burning of fat in the body.

However, there is another possible reason for pyruvate helping to give the appearance of an increase in energy levels, and one that is just as feasible. During exercise, whether in a gym or in actual competition, the body first uses the energy generated in the mitochondria through the natural operation of the Krebs Cycle. Once the blood glucose is used up, the glycogen stores in the muscles and liver are used.

Glycogen is the body’s reserve store of energy, and is used when blood glucose has been depleted. Since pyruvate generates an increasing reliance on blood glucose for energy, the store of glycogen remains unused until it has to be, and hence the body appears to gain in energy. However, although this can explain at least partially the increased energy athletes experience when taking pyruvate supplements, it does not explain the loss in fact, that generally occurs after the glycogen reserves have been used up.

A six week double blind study carried out in Connecticut in 1999 on 26 people given 6 grams of pyruvate a day for 6 weeks resulted in a significant decrease, not only in body weight, but also in the mass of body fat, in the group given the pyruvate, but no effect in the control group.

A study in Pittsburg again showed pyruvate to result in loss of fat, with a group of overweight women losing three pounds more fat than a control that were given a placebo. However, the results here were questionable since the difference in weight loss was small in comparison to the original weight of the subject.

The same is true of a follow-up study in which the control group lost only two pounds less than the pyruvate group. A third study in the same group should only a 1.5 pound difference. These results are no conclusive, although the weight of evidence is in favor of pyruvate being effective in helping you to lose weight. However, it has not yet been universally accepted.

Is there a downside to using pyruvate that could argue against its use unless its effects have been conclusively proved? Probably the only one is that pyruvate can cause gastrointestinal problems if taken in large doses, but these would have to be in the region of around 30 – 50 grams daily, which is above those normally recommended not to mention very expensive.

Although the jury is still out on pyruvate, it seems that it does help to reduce weight, and that apart from the gastric discomfort when excessive amounts are used, it has no side effects. It is also of use in enhancing energy levels, and in demand by athletes and body builders, and its effects are supported by theory and the way it works in the mitochondria to generate energy.

About the Author: More information on

pyruvate

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Canadian scientists protest Harper’s attacks on science

Monday, October 13, 2008

Canadian Federal Elections 2008

Day
Stories from the 2008 Canadian Federal Elections
  • 13 October 2008: CanadaVOTES: Libertarian John Kittridge in St. Paul’s
  • 13 October 2008: Canadian scientists protest Harper’s attacks on science
  • 10 October 2008: CanadaVOTES: NDP candidate Paul Arbour in Carleton—Mississippi Mills
  • 10 October 2008: CanadaVOTES: NDP candidate Jo-Anne Boulding in Parry Sound—Muskoka
  • 10 October 2008: CanadaVOTES: NDP candidate David Sparrow in Don Valley West
National Parties

Citing actions taken by the Conservative government since winning a minority government in 2006, 85 scientists across Canada have signed an open letter to all national party leaders calling on them to state how they will ‘improve Canada’s track record’ regarding the objectivity of science. This is the second such initiative within the week, the letter on 7 October being signed by 120 scientists.

The scientists signing the latest letter represent hundreds of researchers such as Deans, Department Heads, Research Chairs, and research team leaders. They come from academic fields of Anthropology, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Biology, Community Health and Epidemiology, Criminology, Earth & Ocean Sciences, Educational Psychology, Environmental & Engineering Sciences, Land Resource Science, Medicine, Nursing, Philosophy, Physics, Psychiatry, Social Work, and Sociology.

Queen’s University climate researcher John Smol lamented the need for scientists to protest in a public forum. “I think scientists tend to be conservative when it comes to voicing their opinions. But as far as the environment is concerned, the problem is so bad and the consequences are so terrible if we do not act,” he told CBC News.

The Harper government was cited for actions across the academic spectrum, from nuclear safety to human health to climate science. A repeated charge is misreprestation and/or suppression of scientific finds, as well as acting to prevent the dissemination of research, to silence scientists.

While science is not the only factor to be considered in political decision-making, ignoring and subverting science and scientific processes is unacceptable.

Within the government’s own Environment Canada the Conservatives have been accused of muzzling the department, even interfering with the release of one researcher’s science fiction novel. The novel, entitled “Hotter than Hell“, deals with a not-too-distant future strongly affected by global warming. Then-Environmental Minister Rona Ambrose ordered the scientist not to attend talks to promote his novel where his job title was given.

“It’s absolutely Orwellian what’s going on here in science in Canada,” said environmental scientist Andrew Weaver in an interview with The Georgia Straight. Weaver, lead author on three Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports and the recently published “Keeping Our Cool: Canada in a Warming World“, was not surprised when references to the UN’s IPCC reports were removed from Canadian government websites. He wrote in his book about new rules the Harper government put in place, requiring journalist questions for Environment Canada scientists be submitted in writing, and responses must first be presented to media-relations staff for editing and approval.

Vancouver’s Safe Injections Site project, Insite, a program designed to provide intravenous drug users with a medically-supervised location, is an internationally recognized model of successful harm-reduction public health policy, supported by both provincial and municipal governments. The national police force, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, engaged in a campaign to undermine the project according to documents discovered in a Freedom of Information Act query, including financing politically-motivated research.

The conservative government has been antagonistic to the program since coming to power, and though losing its case at every level of courts has appealed the Supreme Court of British Columbia ruling which struck down portions of Canada’s drug laws as unconstitutional. The judge gave the government one year to pass replacement legislation which addresses the Charter Right of addicts to health care which may save their life.

Conservative Health Minister Tony Clement has questioned the ethics of physicians who support the harm-reduction model of Insite. “Is it ethical for health-care professionals to support the administration of drugs that are of unknown substance, or purity or potency — drugs that cannot otherwise be legally prescribed?” he said at the Canadian Medical Association’s annual meeting.

“The minister was off base in calling into question the ethics of physicians involved in harm reduction,” CMA president Brian Day responded. “It’s clear that this was being used as a political issue.” More than 80% of physicians support the harm-reduction model, he said.

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Ingrid Newkirk, co-founder of PETA, on animal rights and the film about her life

Tuesday, November 20, 2007

Last night HBO premiered I Am An Animal: The Story of Ingrid Newkirk and PETA. Since its inception, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has made headlines and raised eyebrows. They are almost single-handedly responsible for the movement against animal testing and their efforts have raised the suffering animals experience in a broad spectrum of consumer goods production and food processing into a cause célèbre.

PETA first made headlines in the Silver Spring monkeys case, when Alex Pacheco, then a student at George Washington University, volunteered at a lab run by Edward Taub, who was testing neuroplasticity on live monkeys. Taub had cut sensory ganglia that supplied nerves to the monkeys’ fingers, hands, arms, legs; with some of the monkeys, he had severed the entire spinal column. He then tried to force the monkeys to use their limbs by exposing them to persistent electric shock, prolonged physical restraint of an intact arm or leg, and by withholding food. With footage obtained by Pacheco, Taub was convicted of six counts of animal cruelty—largely as a result of the monkeys’ reported living conditions—making them “the most famous lab animals in history,” according to psychiatrist Norman Doidge. Taub’s conviction was later overturned on appeal and the monkeys were eventually euthanized.

PETA was born.

In the subsequent decades they ran the Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty against Europe’s largest animal-testing facility (footage showed staff punching beagle puppies in the face, shouting at them, and simulating sex acts while taking blood samples); against Covance, the United State’s largest importer of primates for laboratory research (evidence was found that they were dissecting monkeys at its Vienna, Virginia laboratory while the animals were still alive); against General Motors for using live animals in crash tests; against L’Oreal for testing cosmetics on animals; against the use of fur for fashion and fur farms; against Smithfield Foods for torturing Butterball turkeys; and against fast food chains, most recently against KFC through the launch of their website kentuckyfriedcruelty.com.

They have launched campaigns and engaged in stunts that are designed for media attention. In 1996, PETA activists famously threw a dead raccoon onto the table of Anna Wintour, the fur supporting editor-in-chief of Vogue, while she was dining at the Four Seasons in New York, and left bloody paw prints and the words “Fur Hag” on the steps of her home. They ran a campaign entitled Holocaust on your Plate that consisted of eight 60-square-foot panels, each juxtaposing images of the Holocaust with images of factory farming. Photographs of concentration camp inmates in wooden bunks were shown next to photographs of caged chickens, and piled bodies of Holocaust victims next to a pile of pig carcasses. In 2003 in Jerusalem, after a donkey was loaded with explosives and blown up in a terrorist attack, Newkirk sent a letter to then-PLO leader Yasser Arafat to keep animals out of the conflict. As the film shows, they also took over Jean-Paul Gaultier‘s Paris boutique and smeared blood on the windows to protest his use of fur in his clothing.

The group’s tactics have been criticized. Co-founder Pacheco, who is no longer with PETA, called them “stupid human tricks.” Some feminists criticize their campaigns featuring the Lettuce Ladies and “I’d Rather Go Naked Than Wear Fur” ads as objectifying women. Of their Holocaust on a Plate campaign, Anti-Defamation League Chairman Abraham Foxman said “The effort by PETA to compare the deliberate systematic murder of millions of Jews to the issue of animal rights is abhorrent.” (Newkirk later issued an apology for any hurt it caused). Perhaps most controversial amongst politicians, the public and even other animal rights organizations is PETA’s refusal to condemn the actions of the Animal Liberation Front, which in January 2005 was named as a terrorist threat by the United States Department of Homeland Security.

David Shankbone attended the pre-release screening of I Am An Animal at HBO’s offices in New York City on November 12, and the following day he sat down with Ingrid Newkirk to discuss her perspectives on PETA, animal rights, her responses to criticism lodged against her and to discuss her on-going life’s work to raise human awareness of animal suffering. Below is her interview.

This exclusive interview features first-hand journalism by a Wikinews reporter. See the collaboration page for more details.
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Deadly fire below US President’s Trump Tower residence

Tuesday, April 10, 2018

On Saturday, the Trump Tower, in Midtown, New York City, caught fire shortly before 18:00 EST (2200 UTC) on the 50th floor, claiming the life of a 67-year-old resident, Todd Brassner, who lived in apartment 50C. All other residents were evacuated without incident. During the fire, six firefighters received non-life-threatening burns and other minor injuries. Neither US President Donald Trump nor the First Family were in the building at the time of the fire.

The high-end Fifth Avenue address is the personal residence of President Donald Trump, whose family occupies the top three stories of the 58-story building. The US Secret Service maintains a constant security presence inside the building with the New York City Police Department guarding a hard perimeter, intended to stop vehicular attacks, and a soft perimeter, intended for on-foot attacks.

The four-alarm fire required 200 firemen, extra police, and paramedics. At 20:00 EST (0000 UTC Sunday), the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) declared the fire was under control. Trump tweeted, “Firemen (and women) did a great job. THANK YOU!” This is the second fire at Trump Tower since the election; previously on January 8, a fire was caused by an electrical malfunction in a cooling tower on the roof. Three FDNY firefighters received minor injuries, and all residents and office workers evacuated without incident on that occasion.

Trump Tower provides a number of unique problems never before encountered by the Secret Service. Never has a US President’s personal residence been inside a skyscraper or in a densely populated area like Midtown. The security measures have disrupted vehicular and pedestrian traffic requiring time consuming detours and delaying emergency response.

The New York Fire Code did not mandate sprinkler systems at the time Trump Tower was built in 1983, which might have reduced the size and severity of the fire had they been present. The 50th-floor apartment was, according to FDNY Fire Commissioner Daniel Nigro, “[T]he apartment was virtually, entirely on fire.” The Secret Service monitors all the fire alarms in the building but it took time to find the source of the thick black smoke emanating from the fire. Secret Service Agents escorted the firefighters throughout the building, including the Trump residence.

Brassner, the sole casualty, was unconscious when firefighters pulled him out of apartment 50C. He was transported to Mount Sinai Roosevelt Hospital. Originally listed as critical, he was pronounced dead sometime during the night. Brassner, guitar collector, was acquainted with artist Andy Warhol and was acknowledged in Warhol’s 1989 autobiography, The Andy Warhol Diaries. The cause of the fire is unknown, with investigations into Brassner’s death and the emergency response ongoing. Currently, the Secret Service leads the investigation.

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The Many Benefits Of Assisted Living

byAlma Abell

Moving to an Assisted Living community is typically a big step in the lives of a senior. Many seniors do not want to give up their independence and they feel like moving to any type of senior community will rob them of that. This feeling is especially strong for those people who have lived in their homes for many years.

However, in many ways moving to an assisted living community gives seniors a greater sense of independence. With such a move, they are no longer responsible for many of those maintenance tasks that are so vital to ensuring that a home is well kept. These tasks are ones such as the yard work, the upkeep required to keep the exterior of the home looking good, such as painting or pressure washing the vinyl siding, and cleaning the gutters. Tasks like these are often increasingly difficult as a person ages due to their limited mobility.

It is also this limited mobility that tends to make it more difficult for seniors to get out and socialize as they used to. Many seniors are tired out by the effort it takes to walk long distances so sight seeing and other activities of that nature are often difficult. Living in a community such as Woodlands Creek Active Retirement Community affords seniors the ability to have a wonderful social life on their own terms.

With the activities calendar that communities such as this often have, seniors are able to have a range of different choices. There are often game nights, outside entertainment, movie nights and catered luncheons that allow seniors to socialize easily with their friends, right there at the home. The beauty of such entertainment is that seniors only have to travel from their own homes to the main building in order to participate.

Other activities are ones that are put together by the activities director of the senior living facility and involve traveling to area attractions. These activities can also involve day trips via bus to attractions that are a bit further away. In any case, almost all of these activities are geared for people of different levels of mobility.

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UK Parliament begins debate on Brexit deal

Thursday, December 6, 2018

On Tuesday, the United Kingdom Parliament started five days of debates ahead of a vote over Prime Minister Theresa May’s deal to leave the European Union.

The deal being debated is a withdrawal agreement for the United Kingdom (UK)’s exit from the European Union (EU), and a political framework defining ambitions for the future of the UK–EU relationship.

I have spent nearly two years negotiating this deal

In a statement to the House of Commons shortly before debates began, Theresa May said “I have spent nearly two years negotiating this deal […] I have lost valued colleagues along the way, I have faced fierce criticism from all sides. If I had banged the table, walked out of the room, and at the end of the process delivered the very same deal that is before us today, some might say that I’d done a better job.”

Following the debates, a vote in the House of Commons is to determine if the deal will be implemented. The vote is scheduled for next Tuesday, December 11.

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Market Data

Warning: The information on this page may be incorrect and/or outdated. Don’t trust it.

Information about the world’s markets index, no longer maintained.

Index Name Description Current Value Change Updated
^MERV MerVal (Argentina) 1479.650 25.720 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^AORD All Ordinaries (Australia) 4338.100 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^ATX ATX (Austria) 4.898,18 -0.1% Friday, June 22, 2007
^BFX BEL-20 (Belgium) 3198.57 11.59 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^BVSP Bovespa (Brazil) 24868.471 337.682 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^GSPTSE S&P TSX Composite (Canada) 10367.89 5.34 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^SSEC Shanghai Composite (China) 1072.807 27.407 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^PX50 PX50 (Czech Republic) 0 0 Monday, January 01, 0001
^KFX KFX (Denmark) 348.10 -0.22 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^CCSI CMA (Egypt) 1753.22 -16.36 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^FCHI CAC 40 (France) 4420.78 -1.34 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^GDAXI DAX (Germany) 4843.49 0.79 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^HSI Hang Seng (Hong Kong) 28,228.04 +457.75 (1.65%) Monday, October 09, 2007
^BSESN BSE 30 (India) 7612.00 -3.99 Wednesday, August 24, 2005
^JKSE Jakarta Composite (Indonesia) 2,846.24 0 Wednesday, May 5, 2010
^TA100 TA-100 (Israel) 694.76 -0.52 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^MIBTEL MIBTel (Italy) 25703.000 28.000 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^N225 Nikkei 225 (Japan) 11737.96 -24.69 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^KLSE KLSE Composite (Malaysia) 935.74 -4.10 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^MXX IPC (Mexico) 14067.730 -67.510 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^AEX AEX General (Netherlands) 395.55 1.01 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^NZ50 NZSE 50 (New Zealand) 3348.232 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^OSEAX OSE All Share (Norway) 330.032 0.104 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^MTMS Moscow Times (Russia) 0 0 Monday, January 01, 0001
^STI Straits Times (Singapore) 2321.77 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^KS11 Seoul Composite (South Korea) 1090.6 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^SMSI Madrid General (Spain) 1085.59 2.30 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^SXAXPI Stockholm General (Sweden) 265.55 0.44 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^SSMI Swiss Market (Switzerland) 6521.02 17.08 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^TWII Taiwan Weighted (Taiwan) 6366.16 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^XU100 ISE National-100 (Turkey) 0 0 Monday, January 01, 0001
^FTSE FTSE 100 (United Kingdom) 5256.20 -14.50 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^DJI Dow Jones Industrials (USA) 11,076.34 +104.06 March 11, 2006
^NYA NYSE Composite (USA) 8,079.24 +71.41 March 11, 2006
^IXIC NASDAQ Composite (USA) 2175.99 9.25 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^GSPC S&P 500 (USA) 1231.16 2.13 Tuesday, July 26, 2005

This page is no longer current and/or valid. It is kept for historical record or interest. Do not assume content on this page is still technically correct.If the information contained on this page becomes timely again, please remove this tag.
Index Description Last Change As of
^DJI Dow Jones Industrials (USA) 11,076.34 +104.06 March 11, 2006
^NYA NYSE Composite (USA) 8,079.24 +71.41 March 11, 2006
^IXIC NASDAQ Composite (USA) 2175.99 9.25 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^AORD All Ordinaries (Australia) 4338.100 0 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
^FTSE FTSE 100 (United Kingdom) 5256.20 -14.50 Tuesday, July 26, 2005
more indices

= STG£0.5349 = €0.7727 = ¥106.4000
= STG£0.6923 = $1.2942 = ¥137.6900
= US$1.8694 = €1.4443 = ¥198.8550
= STG£0.0050 = $0.0094 = €0.0073

(Commodities & currencies as of 2005-03-24 T 23:00 UTC, or last close were applicable. None of this data is guaranteed to be correct. Please read our General disclaimer and Risk disclaimer.)|}

  • Market Data/Energy
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2012 Olympics clash with Ramadan

Sunday, October 15, 2006

Muslim groups from across the world are criticising the organisers of the 2012 Olympics in London after it was revealed that the games will take place over Ramadan. The most holy month in the Muslim calendar, which will take place from the 21 July to 20 August in 2012, involves fasting during daylight hours and will affect an estimated 3,000 athletes.

Joanna Manning Cooper, spokesman for the games said: “We did know about it when we submitted our bid and we have always believed that we could find ways to accommodate it.”Nevertheless, this will come as a huge embarrassment for the organisers who have tried to ensure the event involve all of Britain’s ethnic communities.A quarter of the athletes who took part in the 2004 Athens Olympics were from predominantly Muslim countries and the fast will put any athletes involved at a clear disadvantage.

The chairman of the Islamic Human Rights Commission, Massoud Shadjared said: “This is going to disadvantage the athletes and alienate the Asian communities by saying they don’t matter. It’s not only going to affect the participants, it’s going to affect all the people who want to watch the games.”

The president of the National Olympic Committee of Turkey, Togay Bayalti, said: “This will be difficult for Muslim athletes. They don’t have to observe Ramadan if they are doing sport and travelling but they will have to decide whether it is important to them. “It would be nice for the friendship of the Games if they had chosen a different date.”

The games will run from the 27 July to 12 August to coincide with the British Summer holidays. The summer holidays are a six week period running from mid July to early September. During this time, public transportation is generally less crowded and it will be easier to find the 70,000 volunteers needed to keep the games running. The International Olympics Committee has specified that the games must take place between July 15 to August 31. Giselle Davies, IOC spokesperson said, “We give a window to the five bid cities. The host city selects the dates within that window.”

The organisers are working with the Muslim Council of Great Britain to find ways around the problem.

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Keep Your Home Or Business Clean And Dry With Plumbing Repair In Saginaw Tx

byAlma Abell

The plumbing in your home or business can be one of its most complex components. This is partly because the plumbing handles both fresh water supply and waste disposal. However, there is also the fact that plumbing can use some very complex components that most people don’t understand. The complexity of plumbing installations is increased by the variety of materials used for piping. For instance, many homes make use of copper tubing for the fresh water supply and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) for the sewer lines. Alternatives to PVC include CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) and XLPE (Cross-linked polyethylene) also known as PEX. The most difficult part about a Plumbing Repair in Saginaw TX may be understanding how these materials are connected together.

Plumbing repairs are required whenever a pipe leaks, a faucet fails or a toilet begins to stick. In fact, there are dozens of reasons that you may need Plumbing Repair in Saginaw TX including a leaking water heater, clogged drain or broken sewer line. Some plumbing problems can be handled quite easily. A clog in the drain lines may be something as simple as food or hair in the pipe traps. These are the U or S shaped pipes that are located close to the drain. Their primary purpose is to prevent the release of sewer gas into the home. Unfortunately, the can collect debris which also blocks the exit of water.

Perhaps the most difficult plumbing repairs are those that occur outside the building. Your home or business is connected to municipal systems for both water supply and sewage disposal. These pipes are generally buried underground and repairs to them require a bit of digging. There are ways around this problem. For instance, a new water main can be installed by digging a new trench and some sewer pipes can be repaired by inserting a sleeve into the old pipe. Unfortunately, these decisions can’t be made until the problem has been thoroughly examined by an expert. Even smaller jobs like replacing the connection to the main water supply may require some digging in the yard. If your home or business is in need of Plumbing Repair in Saginaw TX then it is time to consult with an expert like Ace Repair Plumbing.

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UK Parliament begins debate on Brexit deal

Thursday, December 6, 2018

On Tuesday, the United Kingdom Parliament started five days of debates ahead of a vote over Prime Minister Theresa May’s deal to leave the European Union.

The deal being debated is a withdrawal agreement for the United Kingdom (UK)’s exit from the European Union (EU), and a political framework defining ambitions for the future of the UK–EU relationship.

I have spent nearly two years negotiating this deal

In a statement to the House of Commons shortly before debates began, Theresa May said “I have spent nearly two years negotiating this deal […] I have lost valued colleagues along the way, I have faced fierce criticism from all sides. If I had banged the table, walked out of the room, and at the end of the process delivered the very same deal that is before us today, some might say that I’d done a better job.”

Following the debates, a vote in the House of Commons is to determine if the deal will be implemented. The vote is scheduled for next Tuesday, December 11.

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